More market access doesn't mean no regulation: analysts
China's central bank on Monday firmly pushed back at media reports of delaying application by U.S. firms Mastercard and Visa to enter China's payment market, saying it has never interfered in the process.
As China continues to open up its market, foreign companies should learn to follow the proper procedures when applying for relevant licenses and refrain from seeking potential loopholes or hyping up unwarranted complaints - because doing so would only hurt their chances in the Chinese market, Chinese analysts warned on Monday.
The Financial Times said on Monday that China's central bank had refused to process applications submitted by U.S.-based payment companies Mastercard and Visa to conduct yuan payment operations in China, which the report suggested was an example of China using "informal barriers" to block foreign competition despite its stated promise to expand market access.
The People's Bank of China (PBOC), the central bank, on Monday denied any interference in the process.
"Regarding how market entities apply for market access, [the PBOC] always adheres to the principle of respecting commercial choices, and it has never interfered and asked them to form joint ventures to conduct business in China," an official with the PBOC said in a statement to the Global Times.
Media reports have suggested that the PBOC pressured the two companies to form joint ventures with Chinese partners in order to gain access to the market.
The official, whose identity wasn't given in the statement, added "the PBOC has always actively pushed for the opening-up of the bank card market."
China has in recent years moved to open its massive payment market to foreign companies, allowing wholly foreign owned companies to apply for business licenses. In November 2018, PBOC gave initial approval for American Express Co's joint venture in China to set up a card payment network.
Mastercard and Visa also submitted applications but have not yet received approval. The FT report claimed that the PBOC had refused to even acknowledge the applications.
"It's a funny spin on World Trade Organization compliance. Yes, China will have due process for the applications once they are accepted, but no one ever thought it would be possible not to accept the applications," said a source, FT reported, referring to a WTO ruling in 2012 that China discriminated against foreign payment companies.
This offers a confusing explanation, as the source was talking about acceptance and the FT report claims China is refusing to process the applications. According to a procedure announced by the PBOC, application acceptance and formal acknowledgement or notice of processing are two different steps.
Not accepting an application is indeed possible, if the PBOC determines that the application is missing materials or isn't in line with required forms, the procedure said, which stipulates that the PBOC will decide within 90 days after the formal notice. The procedure gives no timetable for the acceptance process.
"It sounds more like the companies are trying to spin China's proper procedures and regulations," said Li Daxiao, chief economist at Shenzhen-based Yingda Securities. "As such big companies, they should know better than any that they will have to follow proper procedures and that China's promise to open up the market does not mean there won't be any regulation."
He said rather than complaining about the process and using the media to discredit China's efforts to open up its domestic market, Mastercard and Visa "should focus on communicating with the PBOC through proper channels and find a solution."
Mastercard on Monday confirmed to the Global Times that its application has not been processed but declined to comment further. Visa did not respond to requests for comment on Monday.
"I don't understand why this is such big news. Even if Mastercard and Visa did not get final approval, it would be too far-fetched to suggest that China has stopped opening its market as promised," said Dong Dengxin, director of the Finance and Securities Institute at Wuhan University of Science and Technology. "This is just two companies. And let's not forget the companies have not been rejected."
Dong said that like any other country, including the U.S., where Chinese investment faces strict, nontransparent national security reviews, China has to employ necessary procedures and regulations to ensure market stability and fairness to all companies. "Compared with what Chinese companies face in the U.S., foreign companies should feel they are lucky in China," he said.
