They add that gene editing for enhancement should not be allowed "at this time" - but do not rule it out completely.
他们还称，“现在”不应允许以优化为目的的基因编辑——但并不完全将其排除在外。
A broad public debate should be held before permitting clinical trials, even those involving non-inherited DNA, for any purpose other than treating or preventing disease, the report says.
该报告称，除了治疗或预防疾病，在允许进行临床试验前应该对所有存在其他目的的基因编辑进行广泛的公开辩论，包括对非遗传细胞的基因编辑在内。
Professor Alta Charo, from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the US, who co-chaired a study committee appointed by the academies to investigate the wider implications of gene editing, said: "Human genome editing holds tremendous promise for understanding, treating or preventing many devastating genetic diseases, and for improving treatment of many other illnesses."
美国国家科学院与国家医学院机构任命美国威斯康星麦迪逊大学教授阿尔塔沙罗担任一研究委员会的联合主席，以调查基因编辑技术产生的深远影响。阿尔塔沙罗称，“人类基因组编辑技术在了解、治疗或预防许多致命性遗传疾病、提高多种其他疾病的治疗水平方面存在巨大潜力。”
Research that involves modifying inherited genes in human embryos is currently not allowed in the US, and a number of other countries have signed an international convention that prohibits it.
目前，美国还不允许对人类胚胎中的遗传基因进行修改，而其他一些国家已经签署了禁止该行为的国际公约。
Altering germline DNA is also banned in the UK, with one important exception. Parliament has ruled that inherited DNA in the mitochondria can be replaced if they are defective and the cause of devastating diseases that are passed down from mothers to their children.
英国也禁止修改生殖细胞DNA，但存在一项特例。英国议会已经认定，如果线粒体DNA存在缺陷并且会导致母体将致命性疾病遗传给孩子，那么可以将其替换。
Mitochondrial DNA makes up only about 0.1 percent of all the inherited genetic material in a human cell and does not affect key characteristics such as hair and eye colour or personality.
线粒体DNA仅占人类细胞所有遗传物质的0.1%，且不会影响头发、眼睛颜色或性格等关键特征。
英文来源：独立报
