职业病
occupational diseases
Those suffering from occupational diseases will receive more welfare benefits following a newly issued plan urging local governments and companies to strengthen preventive measures.
新发布的规划要求当地政府和企业加强职业病防护措施,职业病患者将得到更多的福利补偿.
The plan, under the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-20), released by the State Council on Jan 4, will improve welfare for those working in harsh conditions and highlights those suffering from ailments such as pneumoconiosis or black-lung disease, exposure to radioactivity and chemical intoxication.
国务院1月4日发布的《国家职业病防治规划(2016-2020年)》将提高在恶劣条件中工作人员的福利保障,以职业性尘肺病、放射物接触和化学中毒为重点.
根据中华人民共和国职业病防治法规定：职业病occupational diseases是指企业、事业单位和个体经济组织等用人单位的劳动者在职业活动中,因接触粉尘dust、放射性物质radioactive substances和其他有毒、有害物质toxic and hazardous substances等因素而引起的疾病.
根据2013年12月30日修订的《职业病分类和目录》,职业病的主要类型有：尘肺pneumoconiosis、职业性放射病radiation-induced diseases、职业中毒occupational poisoning、物理因素职业病occupational disease due to physical factor,比如：中暑、生物因素所致职业病occupational diseases caused by biological factors、职业性皮肤病occupational skin diseases、职业性眼病occupational eye diseases、职业性耳鼻喉疾病occupational ENT disease、 职业性肿瘤occupational tumor、其他职业病other occupational diseases,如,职业性哮喘.
《规划》提出了职业病防治的各项任务：
一是强化职业病源头治理focusing on controlling the source of disease,以职业性尘肺病、化学中毒为重点,在矿山、有色金属、冶金、建材等行业领域开展专项治理.
二是落实用人单位主体责任,督促建立防治管理责任制stricter and more effective government supervision,加强对危害预评价、防护设施控制效果评价和竣工验收等环节的管理.
三是加大职业卫生监管执法力度strengthening occupational healthcare supervision,建立用人单位和职业卫生技术服务机构"黑名单"制度,定期向社会公布.
四是提升职业病防治服务水平hospitals and professional disease control institutions should provide quality services,以农民工尘肺病为切入点,简化职业病诊断程序,优化服务流程,提高服务质量.
五是落实职业病救助保障措施, 督促用人单位按时足额缴纳工伤保险费, 做好工伤保险与基本医疗保险, 大�"Ｏ�, 医疗救助, 社会慈善, 商业保险有效衔接.
六是推进职业病防治信息化建设pushing informationization of occupational disease prevention,建立完善重点职业病与职业病危害因素监测、报告和管理网络.
七是加大职业病防治宣传教育和健康促进promoting publicity and training of occupational disease prevention,广泛宣传职业病防治法律法规和相关标准,推动"健康企业"建设.
八是推动职业病防治科学研究boosting academic research on occupational diseases,鼓励和支持职业病防治基础性科研工作和前瞻性研究,加快科技成果转化和应用推广.
